SJG-2083CS Online Acid Alkaline Concentration Meter

M'madzi oyera, gawo laling'ono la mamolekyuwa limataya haidrojeni imodzi kuchokera ku dongosolo la H2O, mu njira yotchedwa dissociation.Choncho madziwa amakhala ndi ma hydrogen ion ochepa, H+, ndi ma hydroxyl ions otsalira, OH-.

Pali mgwirizano pakati pa kupangika kosalekeza ndi kupatukana kwa kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka mamolekyu amadzi.

Ma hydrogen ions (OH-) m'madzi amalumikizana ndi mamolekyu ena amadzi kuti apange ayoni a hydronium, H3O + ayoni, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa ayoni a haidrojeni.Popeza ma ayoni a hydroxyl ndi hydronium awa ali ofanana, yankho lake silikhala acidic kapena lamchere.

Asidi ndi chinthu chomwe chimapereka ayoni wa haidrojeni kukhala yankho, pomwe maziko kapena alkali ndi amodzi omwe amatenga ayoni a haidrojeni.

Zinthu zonse zomwe zili ndi haidrojeni sizikhala acidic chifukwa hydrogen iyenera kukhala pamalo omwe amatulutsidwa mosavuta, mosiyana ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimamanga haidrojeni ku maatomu a kaboni molimba kwambiri.PH motero imathandizira kuwerengera mphamvu ya asidi powonetsa kuchuluka kwa ayoni a haidrojeni omwe amatulutsidwa kukhala yankho.

Hydrochloric acid ndi asidi amphamvu chifukwa chomangira cha ayoni pakati pa haidrojeni ndi ayoni a kloridi ndi polar yomwe imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, kupanga ayoni ambiri a haidrojeni ndikupanga yankho kukhala acidic kwambiri.Ichi ndichifukwa chake ali ndi pH yotsika kwambiri.Kudzilekanitsa kotereku mkati mwamadzi nakonso ndikokomera kwambiri pankhani ya kupindula kwamphamvu, chifukwa chake zimachitika mosavuta.

Ma asidi ofooka ndi mankhwala omwe amapereka haidrojeni koma osati mosavuta, monga ma organic acid.Acetic acid, yomwe imapezeka mu viniga, mwachitsanzo, imakhala ndi haidrojeni yambiri koma mumagulu a carboxylic acid, omwe amawasunga m'magulu ogwirizana kapena osagwirizana.

Zotsatira zake, imodzi yokha ya ma hydrogen imatha kuchoka mu molekyulu, ndipo ngakhale zili choncho, palibe kukhazikika kwakukulu komwe kumapezeka popereka.

M'munsi kapena alkali amavomereza ayoni wa haidrojeni, ndipo akawonjezedwa m'madzi, amanyowetsa ma ayoni a haidrojeni opangidwa ndi kupasuka kwa madzi kuti mulingowo usinthe mokomera ndende ya hydroxyl ion, ndikupanga yankho kukhala lamchere kapena lofunikira.

Chitsanzo cha maziko odziwika bwino ndi sodium hydroxide, kapena lye, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga sopo.Pamene asidi ndi alkali zilipo mofanana ndendende molar ndende, ma ion haidrojeni ndi hydroxyl amachita mosavuta wina ndi mzake, kutulutsa mchere ndi madzi, zomwe zimatchedwa neutralization.