Nkhani - Nchifukwa Chiyani Muyenera Kuyang'anira Chowunikira cha Ion Paintaneti?

Chida choyezera kuchuluka kwa ma ion ndi chida chodziwika bwino choyezera kuchuluka kwa ma ion mu yankho. Ma electrode amalowetsedwa mu yankho kuti ayezedwe pamodzi kuti apange dongosolo la ma electrochemical loyezera.

Chiyeso cha ma ion, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chiyeso cha zochita za ma ion, ntchito ya ma ion imatanthauza kuchuluka kwa ma ion komwe kumagwira ntchito mu electrochemical reaction mu yankho la electrolyte. Ntchito ya chiyeso cha kuchuluka kwa ma ion: chiwonetsero chachikulu cha LCD chamtundu wokhudza, mawonekedwe athunthu a Chingerezi. Ndi kuwerengera kwa mfundo zambiri (mpaka mfundo 5) kumalola ogwiritsa ntchito kupanga ntchito zawozawo.

Chowunikira ma ion chimatha kuzindikira mosavuta komanso mwachangu kuchuluka kwakema ayoni a fluoride, ma nitrate radicals, pH, kuuma kwa madzi (Ca2 + , Mg2 + ayoni), ma ayoni a F-, Cl-, NO3-, NH4+, K+, Na+m'madzi, komanso kuchuluka kolondola kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoipitsa.

Kusanthula kwa ayoni kumatanthauza kusankha njira zosiyanasiyana zowunikira kuti ziwunikenso ndi kuyesa malinga ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana a chitsanzo kuti mupeze mtundu ndi zomwe zili mu zinthu kapena ayoni mu chitsanzo, kuti zizindikire mtundu ndi zomwe zili mu zinthu kapena ayoni mu chitsanzo, komanso kukwaniritsa zofunikira za makasitomala pakuwunika kwa ayoni mu chinthu.

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WntchitoPrinciple

Chowunikira ma ion chimagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyezera ma ion kuti chipeze kuzindikira kolondola. Ma electrode pa chipangizochi: fluorine, chlorine, sodium, nitrate, ammonia, potaziyamu, calcium, ndi ma electrode ofotokozera. Ma electrode aliwonse ali ndi nembanemba yosankha ma ion, yomwe imayankha ndi ma ion ofanana mu chitsanzo chomwe chikuyenera kuyesedwa. Nembanemba ndi chosinthira ma ion, ndipo kuthekera pakati pa madzi, chitsanzo ndi nembanemba kumatha kuzindikirika pochita ndi mphamvu ya ma ion kuti asinthe mphamvu ya nembanemba. Kusiyana pakati pa ma potential awiri omwe apezeka mbali zonse ziwiri za nembanemba kudzapanga mphamvu. Chitsanzo, electrode yofotokozera, ndi madzi a electrode yofotokozera amapanga mbali imodzi ya "lup", ndipo nembanemba, madzi a electrode yamkati, ndi electrode yamkati amapanga mbali inayo.

Kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa ayoni pakati pa yankho la electrode yamkati ndi chitsanzo kumapanga magetsi a electrochemical kudutsa nembanemba ya electrode yogwira ntchito, yomwe imatsogozedwa ku amplifier kudzera mu electrode yamkati yoyendetsa bwino kwambiri, ndipo electrode yowunikira imatsogozedwanso kumalo a amplifier. Mzere wowongolera umapezeka poyesa yankho lolondola la kuchuluka kwa ayoni komwe kumadziwika kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa ayoni mu chitsanzocho.

Kusamuka kwa ma ion kumachitika mkati mwa madzi a matrix a electrode yosankha ma ion pamene ma ion oyesedwa mu yankho akhudzana ndi ma electrode. Kusintha kwa mphamvu ya ma ion osuntha kumakhala ndi mphamvu, zomwe zimasintha mphamvu pakati pa malo a nembanemba, zomwe zimapangitsa kusiyana pakati pa electrode yoyezera ndi electrode yowunikira.

Akubwerezabwereza

Yang'anirani kuchuluka kwa ammonia, nitrate, ndi zina zotero m'madzi apamwamba, pansi pa nthaka, m'mafakitale, ndi m'madzi otayira zinyalala.

Themita yoyezera kuchuluka kwa ayoni ya fluorideyapangidwa kuti iyesekuchuluka kwa ayoni ya fluoridemu yankho lamadzi, makamaka poyang'anira bwino madzi oyera kwambiri m'mafakitale amphamvu (monga nthunzi, condensate, madzi ophikira boiler, ndi zina zotero). Mankhwala, ma microelectronics ndi madipatimenti ena, amatsimikizira kuchuluka (kapena ntchito) kwaayoni a fluoridem'madzi achilengedwe, madzi otayira m'mafakitale ndi madzi ena.

Mkudzipereka

1. Momwe mungathetsere vuto la detector

Pali zifukwa zinayi zomwe chowunikiracho chimalephera:

①Pulagi ya chowunikira ndi yomasuka ndi mpando wa bolodi la amayi;

②Chowunikira chokha chasweka;

③ Skuruu yomangira pakati pa valavu ndi shaft yozungulira ya injini sizimangiriridwa pamalo pake;

④ Chipolopolocho ndi cholimba kwambiri moti sichingazunguliridwe. Dongosolo loyang'anira ndi ③-①-④-②.

2. Zifukwa ndi njira zochizira kusayamwa bwino kwa zitsanzo

Pali zifukwa zinayi zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asafune kudya bwino, zomwe zimayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta komanso yovuta:

①Chongani ngati mapaipi olumikizira a malo aliwonse olumikizirana a payipi (kuphatikizapo mapaipi olumikizirana pakati pa ma electrode, pakati pa ma electrode ndi ma valve, komanso pakati pa ma electrode ndi mapaipi opompa) akutuluka. Chochitikachi chikuwoneka ngati palibe chitsanzo choyamwa;

② Yang'anani ngati chubu cha pampu chatsekeka kapena chatopa kwambiri, ndipo chubu chatsopano cha pampu chiyenera kusinthidwa panthawiyi. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti chubu cha pampu chimapanga phokoso losazolowereka;

③ Pali puloteni yomwe imalowa mu payipi, makamaka pa malo olumikizirana. Izi zimaonekera ngati malo osakhazikika a kayendedwe ka madzi, ngakhale chubu chopopera chikasinthidwa ndi chatsopano. Yankho lake ndi kuchotsa malo olumikizirana ndikuyeretsa ndi madzi;

④ Pali vuto ndi valavu yokha, choncho yang'anani mosamala

Lembani uthenga wanu apa ndipo mutitumizireni

Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-11-2022