Nkhani - Ndi Magawo Ati Omwe Amafunika Kuyang'aniridwa mu Madzi Otayira a M'nyumba?

https://www.boquinstruments.com/news/what-parameters-require-monitoring-in-domestic-wastewater/

Madzi otayira m'nyumba amatanthauza madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amachokera ku ntchito zapakhomo ndi zapagulu, kuphatikizapo kutuluka m'nyumba, m'nyumba zogona, m'masukulu, m'zipatala, ndi m'malo ogulitsira. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi madzi otuwa (monga ochokera kusamba, kuchapa zovala, ndi m'malo ophikira) ndi madzi akuda (monga madzi otayira m'chimbudzi), ndipo amakhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, michere, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zinthu zolimba zomwe zimapachikidwa, ndi zinthu zodetsa thupi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe kumathandiza kufalikira mwachangu kwa mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda; ngati atatulutsidwa popanda chithandizo, amakhala ndi zoopsa zazikulu - kuphatikizapo kufalikira kwa matenda opatsirana m'madzi - zomwe zimawopseza thanzi la anthu komanso chilengedwe. Vutoli ndi lalikulu kwambiri m'maiko osauka komanso apakati, komwe zomangamanga zosakwanira nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti madzi otayira osakonzedwa atulutsidwe mwachindunji, zomwe zimawonjezera kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe komanso mavuto azaumoyo wa anthu. Chifukwa chake, chithandizo chokhwima chisanatulutsidwe ndikofunikira kuti madzi azikhala abwino. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwala kumasiyana kwambiri m'madera osiyanasiyana: mayiko omwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zochizira matenda, zomwe zimayang'aniridwa mwamphamvu, pomwe mayiko ambiri omwe akutukuka akukumana ndi zoletsa zomwe zimachitika nthawi imodzi pankhani yaukadaulo, ndalama, ndi mabungwe. Musanayambe chithandizo, kufotokozera bwino za madzi otayira—kudzera mu njira zowunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito—ndikofunikira kwambiri popanga njira zoyenera zochizira, kuwunika momwe njirayo ikuyendera, komanso kupereka chidziwitso pa mfundo zoyendetsera madzi padziko lonse lapansi.

https://www.boquinstruments.com/online-uv-cod-bod-toc-sensor-product/

Pakati pa magawo ofunikira, ammonia nayitrogeni (NH₃–N) ndiyo yofunika kwambiri. Imayimira kuchuluka kwa ammonia yopanda madzi (NH₃) ndi ammonium ion (NH₄⁺), makamaka yochokera ku ndowe za anthu ndi zotsukira zomwe zili ndi nayitrogeni. Kuchuluka kwa NH₃–N kumathandizira ku eutrophication, kuyambitsa maluwa a algal omwe amawononga mpweya wosungunuka ndikuwononga zamoyo zam'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, ammonia yopanda ion ndi poizoni kwambiri kwa nsomba ndi zamoyo zam'madzi zomwe zimakhudzidwa, zomwe zingasokoneze kapangidwe ka zachilengedwe ndi ntchito yake. M'maiko omwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri, NH₃–N imayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse motsatira miyezo yamtundu wamadzi yadziko lonse pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowunikira zovomerezeka (monga, colorimetry kapena ion-selective electrodes), zomwe zimathandiza kuti kuwongolera bwino kuipitsa. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mipata yowunikira ikupitirirabe m'madera ambiri omwe akutukuka chifukwa cha kupezeka kochepa kwa zida zoyezera, antchito ophunzitsidwa, komanso njira zosungira zokhazikika - makamaka m'madera omwe akutukuka mwachangu m'mizinda komwe kupanga madzi otayira kumabweretsa mavuto kuposa chitukuko cha zomangamanga. Chifukwa chake, NH₃–N imagwira ntchito ngati chizindikiro chofunikira cha kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe komanso muyeso wofunikira poyesa chiopsezo cha chilengedwe komanso momwe chithandizo chimagwirira ntchito.

pH ndi chinthu china chofunikira chomwe chimafuna kuwunika mwadongosolo. Potanthauzidwa ngati logarithm yoyipa ya ntchito ya hydrogen ion, pH imawonetsa bwino acid-base balance ya madzi otayidwa ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 6.5 ndi 8.5 m'magwero apakhomo, omwe amakhudzidwa ndi sopo, zinyalala za chakudya, ndi zotulutsa za mafakitale. Kupatuka kunja kwa mtundu uwu kumatha kuletsa njira zochizira zachilengedwe (monga nitrification), kuwononga zomangamanga zoyendera, ndikuwononga biota yam'madzi. Real-timekuwunika pHzimathandiza kuti ntchito zochizira ziyende bwino—monga kugawa mankhwala ndi kuwongolera mpweya—m'malo omwe anthu ambiri amapeza ndalama zambiri. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuyeza pH pang'onopang'ono kapena kosakhalapo kumakhala kofala m'malo omwe zinthu sizikuyenda bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi asatuluke bwino. Motero, deta yodalirika ya pH sikuti imangothandiza kutsatira malamulo am'deralo komanso imathandizira zolinga zazikulu za chitetezo cha madzi m'malire komanso njira zoyeretsera zomwe zimagwirizana ndi nyengo.

https://www.boquinstruments.com/new-online-phorp-meter-product/

Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wosungunuka (DO) n'kofunika kwambiri, makamaka m'madzi ndi m'zipinda zochiritsira aerobic. DO imasonyeza mphamvu ya madzi m'madzi kuti apitirize kugwira ntchito kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kudziyeretsa tokha. Kuchuluka kwa DO kumasonyeza kuchepa kwa mpweya—nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe—ndipo kungayambitse mpweya woipa kapena woipa womwe umawononga zamoyo zam'madzi. Ngakhale kuti DO siiyesedwa kawirikawiri *m'madzi otayira* a m'nyumba (omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda mpweya), kuyang'anira kwake madzi otayira ndi madzi otsika pansi pamadzi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika zoopsa zachilengedwe komanso kupereka malipoti okhudza malamulo.

Kuchuluka kwa madzi otayira m'nyumba padziko lonse lapansi kwawonjezera mavuto okhudzana ndi chilengedwe ndi thanzi. Kutayira madzi otayira m'mitsinje, m'nyanja, ndi m'madzi a m'madzi oundana kumaika pachiwopsezo chitetezo cha madzi akumwa, kumachepetsa ntchito za chilengedwe, komanso kusokoneza kupita patsogolo kwa Cholinga cha Chitukuko Chokhazikika 6 (Madzi Oyera ndi Ukhondo). Kusiyana kwa malamulo, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo, ndi mphamvu zowunikira kumawonjezera mavutowa. Chifukwa chake, kufotokozera madzi otayira nthawi zonse, mokhazikika, komanso moyimira ndi njira yoyambira yopewera kuipitsa, kuyang'anira moyenera, komanso kuyang'anira madzi mofanana.

https://www.boquinstruments.com/industrial-phorp-meter/

Kuyeza molondola komanso panthawi yake kumadalira zida zolimba komanso zoyenera kusanthula. Oyesa madzi amakono amapereka miyeso yolondola, yobwerezabwereza, komanso yolondola—yothandiza kupanga zisankho motsatira deta ya mabungwe othandizira, owongolera, ndi mabungwe ofufuza. Mapangidwe ogwiritsira ntchito padziko lonse lapansi akuwonetsa kuthekera kwa madera: mayiko omwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri akugwiritsa ntchito masensa odziyimira pawokha, olumikizidwa ndi nsanja za digito, pomwe mayankho otsika mtengo, onyamulika, komanso osakonza kwambiri amayikidwa patsogolo m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene. Shanghai Boqiao Instrument Co., Ltd. imapereka mbiri yonse ya ziphaso zovomerezekazoyezera khalidwe la madziZapangidwira makamaka kuyang'anira madzi otayira m'nyumba. Zipangizo zawo zili ndi kulondola kwakukulu pakuyeza, kukhazikitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kosavuta, kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso mtengo wopikisana wa moyo wonse—zotsimikizika kudzera mu kuyika m'maiko opitilira 100. Mwa kupititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wowunikira womwe umapezeka mosavuta, wogwirizana, komanso wolondola mwasayansi—ndi kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi pakugwirizanitsa njira ndi kukulitsa luso—gulu lapadziko lonse lapansi likhoza kulimbitsa kayendetsedwe ka madzi otayira, kusunga zachilengedwe zamadzi abwino, ndikupititsa patsogolo chitukuko chokhazikika chophatikizana.