Osijeni wosungunuka (DO) ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwunika mphamvu yodziyeretsa yokha m'malo am'madzi ndikuwunika momwe madzi onse alili. Kuchuluka kwa okosijeni wosungunuka kumakhudza mwachindunji kapangidwe kake ndi kagawidwe kazamoyo zam'madzi. Kwa mitundu yambiri ya nsomba, milingo ya DO iyenera kupitilira 4 mg/L kuti ithandizire magwiridwe antchito amthupi. Chifukwa chake, kusungunuka kwa oxygen ndi chizindikiro chofunikira pazochitika zonsemapulogalamu oyang'anira madzi.Njira zazikulu zoyezera mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi ndi monga njira ya iodometric, electrochemical probe method, conductivity method, ndi fluorescence method. Mwa izi, njira ya iodometric inali njira yoyamba yokhazikika yopangidwira kuyeza kwa DO ndipo imakhalabe njira yolozera (benchmark). Komabe, njirayi imatha kusokonezedwa kwambiri ndi kuchepetsa zinthu monga nitrite, sulfides, thiourea, humic acid, ndi tannic acid. Zikatero, njira ya electrochemical probe ikulimbikitsidwa chifukwa cha kulondola kwake kwakukulu, kusokoneza pang'ono, kugwira ntchito kosasunthika, ndi mphamvu yoyezera mofulumira, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yovomerezeka kwambiri muzogwiritsira ntchito.
Njira ya electrochemical probe imagwira ntchito pa mfundo yakuti mamolekyu a okosijeni amafalikira kudzera mu nembanemba yosankha ndipo amachepetsedwa pa electrode yogwira ntchito, kutulutsa kufalikira kwapano molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa okosijeni. Poyesa panopa, mpweya wa okosijeni wosungunuka mu chitsanzo ukhoza kutsimikiziridwa molondola. Pepalali likuyang'ana njira zogwirira ntchito ndi kukonzanso zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi njira ya electrochemical probe, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kupititsa patsogolo kumvetsetsa kwa magwiridwe antchito a zida ndikuwongolera kuyeza kolondola.
1.Instruments ndi Reagents
Zida zoyambira: multifunctional water quality analyzer
Ma reagents: omwe amafunikira kutsimikiza kwa iodometric kwa okosijeni wosungunuka
2. Kuwongolera Kwathunthu kwa Meta Yosungunuka ya Oxygen
Njira 1 ya Laboratory (Njira Yodzaza ndi Madzi a Air-Water): Pamalo olamulidwa ndi kutentha kwa 20 °C, ikani 1 L yamadzi ochuluka kwambiri mu beaker ya 2 L. Yang'anirani yankho mosalekeza kwa maola awiri, kenako siyani kutulutsa ndikulola madziwo kuti akhazikike kwa mphindi 30. Yambitsani kusanja poyika probe m'madzi ndikugwedeza ndi maginito osonkhezera pa 500 rpm kapena kusuntha pang'onopang'ono electrode mkati mwa gawo lamadzi. Sankhani "saturated air-water calibration" pa mawonekedwe a chida. Mukamaliza, kuwerenga kwathunthu kuyenera kuwonetsa 100%.
Njira Yachiwiri Yamu labotale (Njira Yothirira Mpweya): Pa 20 °C, nyowetsani siponji mkati mwa mkono woteteza wa probe mpaka itakhuta. Mosamala tsekani pamwamba pa nembanemba ya elekitirodi ndi pepala losefera kuti muchotse chinyezi chochulukirapo, ikaninso ma elekitirodi mumkono, ndipo mulole kuti ifanane kwa maola awiri musanayambe kuwongolera. Sankhani "madzi odzaza mpweya calibration" pa mawonekedwe chida. Mukamaliza, kuwerenga kwathunthu kumafika 102.3%. Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zopezedwa kudzera munjira ya mpweya wodzaza ndi madzi zimagwirizana ndi njira yamadzi odzaza mpweya. Miyezo yotsatira ya sing'angayo nthawi zambiri imabweretsa zokolola zozungulira 9.0 mg/L.
Kulinganiza kwa Munda: Chidacho chiyenera kusinthidwa chisanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Poganizira kuti kunja kutentha kumachoka pa 20 °C, kuwongolera kumunda kumachitika bwino kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya mpweya wodzaza ndi madzi mkati mwa dzanja la probe. Zida zoyesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi zimawonetsa zolakwika pazovomerezeka ndipo zimakhala zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda.
3. Kusintha kwa Zero-Point
Konzani njira yopanda okosijeni mwa kusungunula 0.25 g ya sodium sulfite (Na₂SO₃) ndi 0.25 g ya cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate (CoCl₂·6H₂O) mu 250 mL ya madzi a ultrapure. Miwiritsani kafukufuku mu njira iyi ndikugwedeza pang'ono. Yambitsani kuwerengetsa kwa ziro ndikudikirira kuti kuwerenga kukhazikike musanatsimikize kumaliza. Zida zokhala ndi zolipirira ziro zokha sizifuna kuwongolera ziro pamanja.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-09-2025














