Mlandu Wogwiritsa Ntchito Kuwunika kwa Utsi ku Spring Manufacturing Company

Pochiza akasupe, phosphating imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zokutira zoteteza zomwe zimalepheretsa dzimbiri. Izi zimaphatikizapo kumizidwa akasupe mu njira ya phosphating yokhala ndi ayoni achitsulo monga zinki, manganese, ndi faifi tambala. Kupyolera muzochita zamakina, filimu yamchere ya phosphate insoluble imapangidwa pamasika.

Njirayi imapanga mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya madzi oipa
1. Phosphating Waste Bath Solution: Kusamba kwa phosphating kumafuna kusinthidwa pafupipafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azinyalala azichulukirachulukira. Zoipitsa zazikulu ndi zinc, manganese, nickel, ndi phosphate.
2. Phosphating Mumatsuka Madzi: Pambuyo pa phosphating, magawo angapo otsuka amachitidwa. Ngakhale kuti ndende yoipitsayi ndi yocheperapo kuposa ya madzi osamba, kuchuluka kwake ndi kwakukulu. Madzi otsuka awa ali ndi zinki yotsalira, manganese, faifi tambala, ndi phosphorous okwana, omwe amapanga gwero lalikulu lamadzi onyansa a phosphating m'malo opangira masika.

Tsatanetsatane Wazowononga Zofunika Kwambiri:
1. Chitsulo - Pulayimale Wowononga Chitsulo
Gwero: Kwenikweni zimachokera ku njira ya pickling ya asidi, kumene zitsulo zamasika zimayikidwa ndi hydrochloric kapena sulfuric acid kuchotsa sikelo ya iron oxide (dzimbiri). Izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa ayoni achitsulo m'madzi oipa.
Zolinga Zowunikira ndi Kuwongolera:
- Zowoneka Zowoneka: Ikatuluka, ma ferrous ion amatulutsa ma ferric ion, kupanga ma ferric hydroxide ofiira omwe amayambitsa chipwirikiti komanso kusintha kwamitundu yamadzi.
- Zachilengedwe Zachilengedwe: Ferric hydroxide yochuluka imatha kukhazikika m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kusokoneza zamoyo zam'madzi.
- Nkhani Zomangamanga: Kuyika kwachitsulo kungayambitse kutsekeka kwa mapaipi ndikuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito.
- Kufunika Kwa Chithandizo: Ngakhale kuti ndi poizoni wochepa, ayironi imakhalapo kwambiri ndipo imatha kuchotsedwa bwino posintha pH ndi mvula. Kukonzekera koyambirira ndikofunikira kuti musasokonezedwe ndi njira zakutsika.

2. Zinc ndi Manganese - "Phosphating Pair"
Zochokera: Zinthu izi zimachokera ku phosphating, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti ipititse patsogolo dzimbiri ndikumatira. Ambiri opanga masika amagwiritsa ntchito zinc- kapena manganese-based phosphating solutions. Kutsuka kwamadzi kotsatira kumanyamula ayoni a zinc ndi manganese kulowa mumtsinje wamadzi oyipa.
Zolinga Zowunikira ndi Kuwongolera:
- Kuopsa kwa M'madzi: Zitsulo zonsezi zimawonetsa poizoni wambiri ku nsomba ndi zamoyo zina zam'madzi, ngakhale zitakhala zotsika kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza kukula, kuberekana, ndi kupulumuka.
- Zinc: Imasokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa ma gill a nsomba, kusokoneza kupuma bwino.
- Manganese: Kuwonetsedwa kosatha kumabweretsa kuchulukirachulukira kwachilengedwe komanso zotsatira za neurotoxic.
- Kutsata Malamulo: Miyezo yapadziko lonse komanso yapadziko lonse lapansi yotulutsa madzi imayika malire okhwima pa kuchuluka kwa zinc ndi manganese. Kuchotsa kogwira mtima kumafuna mpweya wamankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamchere kupanga ma hydroxides osasungunuka.

3. Nickel - Chitsulo Chachikulu Choopsa Chofuna Malamulo Okhwima
Kochokera:
- Zomwe zili muzinthu zopangira: Zitsulo zina za alloy, kuphatikiza zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zimakhala ndi faifi tambala, zomwe zimasungunuka kukhala asidi potola.
- Njira zochizira pamwamba: Zovala zina zapadera za electroplating kapena mankhwala zimakhala ndi faifi tambala.
Zolinga Zowunikira ndi Kuwongolera (Kufunika Kwambiri):
- Zowopsa Zaumoyo ndi Zachilengedwe: Nickel ndi mankhwala ena a nickel amagawidwa kukhala owopsa. Amakhalanso pachiwopsezo chifukwa cha kawopsedwe kawo, allergenic katundu, komanso kuthekera kwa bioaccumulation, zomwe zikuwonetsa ziwopsezo zanthawi yayitali ku thanzi la anthu komanso zachilengedwe.
- Malire Oyimitsa Kwambiri: Malamulo monga "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" yomwe ili pakati pa zovomerezeka zotsika kwambiri za nickel (nthawi zambiri ≤0.5-1.0 mg / L), kusonyeza mlingo wake woopsa kwambiri.
- Mavuto Ochiza: Kugwa kwa mvula kwanthawi zonse kwa alkali sikungakwaniritse milingo yotsatiridwa; Njira zapamwamba monga chelating agents kapena sulfide precipitation nthawi zambiri zimafunikira kuti muchotse faifi tambala.

Kukhetsa madzi otayira mwachindunji osayeretsedwa kungachititse kuti chilengedwe chiipitse kwambiri madzi ndi nthaka. Chifukwa chake, zotayira zonse ziyenera kuthandizidwa moyenera komanso kuyezetsa mwamphamvu kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikutsatiridwa asanatulutsidwe. Kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni pamalo othamangitsira kumagwira ntchito ngati njira yofunika kwambiri kuti mabizinesi akwaniritse ntchito zachilengedwe, kutsimikizira kutsata malamulo, ndikuchepetsa kuwopsa kwachilengedwe ndi malamulo.