Malinga ndi kope la 2018 la Shanghai Municipal Local Standard for Integrated Wastewater Discharge (DB31/199-2018), malo otulutsira madzi otayira a fakitale yopanga magetsi yoyendetsedwa ndi Baosteel Co., Ltd. ali m'dera lovuta kwambiri la madzi. Chifukwa chake, malire otulutsira nayitrogeni ya ammonia achepetsedwa kuchoka pa 10 mg/L kufika pa 1.5 mg/L, ndipo malire otulutsira zinthu zachilengedwe achepetsedwa kuchoka pa 100 mg/L kufika pa 50 mg/L.

Mu dziwe la madzi la ngozi: Pali maiwe awiri amadzi a ngozi m'derali. Makina atsopano owunikira okha a ammonia nayitrogeni aikidwa pa intaneti kuti athe kuyang'anira mosalekeza kuchuluka kwa ammonia nayitrogeni m'madzi a ngozi. Kuphatikiza apo, pampu yatsopano yowunikira sodium hypochlorite yayikidwa, yomwe yalumikizidwa ku matanki osungira sodium hypochlorite omwe alipo ndipo yalumikizidwa ndi njira yowunikira ammonia nayitrogeni. Kapangidwe kameneka kamalola kuwongolera kokha komanso molondola kwa maiwe onse amadzi a ngozi.

Mu njira yoyeretsera madzi mu Gawo Loyamba la malo oyeretsera madzi a mankhwala: Njira zoyeretsera madzi za ammonia nayitrogeni zayikidwa pa thanki yoyeretsera madzi, thanki yamadzi a zinyalala ya B1, thanki yamadzi a zinyalala ya B3, thanki yamadzi a zinyalala ya B4, ndi thanki ya B5. Njira zoyeretserazi zimalumikizidwa ndi pampu yoyeretsera madzi ya sodium hypochlorite kuti zitheke kuwongolera njira yoyeretsera madzi nthawi yonse yoyeretsera madzi.

Zida Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito:

Chowunikira cha NHNG-3010 cha Ammonia Nayitrogeni Chodziyimira Paintaneti

YCL-3100 Dongosolo lanzeru lokonzekera madzi kuti lipereke zitsanzo zabwino

Pofuna kutsatira miyezo yotulutsira madzi yomwe yasinthidwa, fakitale yamagetsi ya Baosteel Co., Ltd. yakhazikitsa zida zotulutsira ndi kukonza ammonia nayitrogeni pamalo otulutsira madzi otayira. Dongosolo lokonzera madzi otayira lomwe lilipo lakonzedwanso kuti liwonetsetse kuti ammonia nayitrogeni ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zonse zikukonzedwa bwino kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zatsopano zotulutsira madzi. Kusintha kumeneku kumatsimikizira kuti madzi otayira azitha kuchiritsidwa bwino komanso moyenera komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri zoopsa zachilengedwe zokhudzana ndi kutulutsidwa kwa madzi otayira ambiri.

N’chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira kuyang’anira kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni wa ammonia m’malo otulutsira madzi m’mafakitale achitsulo?

Kuyeza ammonia nayitrogeni (NH₃-N) pa malo otulutsira zitsulo ndikofunikira kwambiri poteteza chilengedwe komanso kutsatira malamulo, chifukwa njira zopangira zitsulo zimapanga madzi otayira okhala ndi ammonia omwe amabweretsa zoopsa zazikulu ngati atatulutsidwa molakwika.

Choyamba, ammonia nayitrogeni ndi poizoni kwambiri kwa zamoyo zam'madzi. Ngakhale zitakhala zochepa, zimatha kuwononga ma bere a nsomba ndi zamoyo zina zam'madzi, kusokoneza ntchito zawo zamagetsi, ndikupangitsa kuti anthu ambiri afe. Kuphatikiza apo, ammonia wochuluka m'madzi amachititsa kuti mabakiteriya asinthe kukhala ma nitrate - njira yomwe ammonia imasandulika ma nitrate, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti algae ikule kwambiri. Kuphuka kwa algae kumeneku kumawononga mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi, ndikupanga "malo akufa" komwe zamoyo zambiri zam'madzi sizingakhale ndi moyo, zomwe zimawononga kwambiri zachilengedwe zam'madzi.

Kachiwiri, mafakitale achitsulo amatsatira malamulo a dziko lonse komanso akumaloko okhudza zachilengedwe (monga muyezo wa China wa Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard, malangizo a EU okhudza mpweya woipa). Malamulowa amaika malire okhwima pa kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni wa ammonia m'madzi otayidwa. Kuyang'anira nthawi zonse kumaonetsetsa kuti mafakitale akukwaniritsa malirewa, kupewa chindapusa, kuyimitsidwa kwa ntchito, kapena milandu yovomerezeka chifukwa chosatsatira malamulo.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyeza kwa nayitrogeni ya ammonia kumagwira ntchito ngati chizindikiro chachikulu cha momwe makina oyeretsera madzi otayira m'mphero amagwirira ntchito. Ngati kuchuluka kwa ammonia kupitirira muyezo, kumasonyeza mavuto omwe angakhalepo pa njira yoyeretsera (monga kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino kwa zida zoyeretsera zamoyo), zomwe zimathandiza mainjiniya kuzindikira ndi kukonza mavuto mwachangu—kuletsa madzi otayira osakonzedwa kapena osakonzedwa bwino kuti asalowe m'chilengedwe.

Mwachidule, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa ammonia nayitrogeni m'mafakitale achitsulo ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yochepetsera kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, kutsatira zofunikira zalamulo, ndikusunga kudalirika kwa njira zoyeretsera madzi otayira.